Anatomy videos for medical students: March 2015

Wednesday, March 18, 2015

Goddess Diana Roman Mythology

The Diana of the Romans was identified with the Greek Artemis, with whom she shares that peculiar tripartite character, which so strongly marks the individuality of the Greek goddess. In heaven she was Luna (the moon), on earth Diana (the huntress-goddess), and in the lower world Proserpine; but, unlike the Ephesian Artemis, Diana, in her character as Proserpine, carries with her into the lower world no element of love or sympathy; she is, on the contrary, characterized by practices altogether hostile to man, such as the exercise of witchcraft, evil charms, and other antagonistic influences, and is, in fact, the Greek Hecate, in her later development.
The statues of Diana were generally erected at a point where three roads met, for which reason she is called Trivia (from tri, three, and via, way).
A temple was dedicated to her on the Aventine hill by Servius Tullius, who is said to have first introduced the worship of this divinity into Rome.
The Nemoralia, or Grove Festivals, were celebrated in her honour on the 13th of August, on the Lacus Nemorensis, or forest-buried lake, near Aricia. The priest who officiated in her temple on this spot, was always a fugitive slave, who had gained his office by murdering his predecessor, and hence was constantly armed, in order that he might thus be prepared to encounter a new aspirant.

Text:
Myths and Legends of Ancient Greece and Rome
Author: E.M. Berens
Published: 1880

The Project Gutenberg EBook
Produced by Alicia Williams, Keith Edkins and the Online
Distributed Proofreading Team at http://www.pgdp.net

Me in Darjeeling!
(Mountain Scenery and other Photo Snaps coming up tomorrow)

� � �� ீ!

மனிதா நீ!
அறிந்த இனத்தில் மேலானவன் தான்
ஆனால்!
உயர்ந்த குணம் உன்னில் கொஞ்சமும் இல்லை
பாவம் என்றும் அறிந்து செய்தால் மன்னிப்பும் இல்லை.... See More

சிங்கம் கூட பசிக்கும்போதும் தன் இனம் வேட்டை செய்வதில்லை.
அசிங்கம் யோசிக்காமல் நீ மனித வேட்டை செய்கிறாய்?

பாசம் உடையவன் என்பதினால் பாசக்கயிரானாயோ?
நேசம் பதம் இல்லாததால்
அவர்களை
சிவ பதம் அனுப்பினாயோ?

விண்ணுக்கு மேலும் மண்ணுக்கு கீழும் அறிவாய்
நடுவில் நிற்கும் உன்னை கொஞ்சம் அறிவாயோ? மனிதா நீ!

மனிதா நீ! என்ற தலைப்பு எல்லா மனிதர்களையும் உள்ளடக்குகின்றது. எல்லா மனிதர்களும் அப்படி அல்ல. மனிதரிலும் உயர்ந்த குணமுடையோர் இருக்கின்றார்கள்.

உயர்ந்த குணம் இல்லதர்வர்களுக்கு எழுதியது. மருந்துண்ணும் பொழுது அதன் கசப்பை நாவும் அனுபவிப்பதுபோலதான் இதுவும்

Mosses reproduce by shedding wind-dispersed spores from capsules carried on slender stalks. Different species use different methods for regulating the replease of spores. This one - Catherines moss Atrichum undulatum - has a series of slits around the mouth of the capsule and shakes spores out like pepper from a pepper pot, as the capsule stalk vibrtaes in the wind.

Scepticism Is It A Necessity In The Contemporary World

I will start by mentioning a quotation by the eminent linguist and MIT Scholar Noam Chomsky -
“The general population doesnt even know whats happening, and it doesnt even know that it doesnt know.”

Be it religious scepticism,scientific scepticism or political scepticism,questioning the authority is a necessary element.Since I am one of those who might be challenged the question,"Then why dont you go question about Marxism and your old,weary manifesto?"
This would be my extremely humble answer, "I have questioned the possibility of Communism is viable or not because complete economic equality is not achievable and every system,including the communist states should be open enough to be questioned.I believe in the basic ideological part,which says that those who sustain this enormous unit of mankind,known as societies,they should not be left to starve or shiver on a winter night but should have access to at least the basic,most basic rights,which for example they do not have in many places of India.
The Communist Manifesto might be old but it is not weary.In fact,scepticism can incite the necessary changes and strengthen it to the extent after which it might be viable in the contemporary world."

Victor Hugo On Scepticism

Denis Diderot on Scepticism

Not even half of our population is aware of what happens to the environment and are themselves degrading the conditions further or allowing the government to do so.In case of exploitive governments,like that of the US,the government is too ignorant to listen to peoples pleas.

Every political authority has to be questioned to ensure that they allow the citizens the promised freedom.Even if the authority claims to be concerned about workers,it has to be questioned so that this theory achieves practicality or if it has achieved practicality,then it retains.
In case of a capitalist government,the necessity of scepticism grows manifold.The basic reason,again is quite simple. The ideology of Capitalism very closely links with conservative regimes who intend to run (or ruin?) the society by privatisation of capital. No matter where such a government exists,it will always care more about those who have more wealth and less about those who do not have wealth.Even in the United States of America,the working class is not able to enjoy what they produce.The top 1% of the richest population consists of approximately 1/4th the total income of the state.That honestly is like the already well-versed comment,"That is not a capitalist economy anymore.That is a feudalistic economy."
I am afraid our country is going towards a very similar change and "the general population does not know and they do not even know that they do not know."

The current question might be how could someone be so unenthusiastic about a blooming,prosperous government.Then again,the question asked might be how you define prosperity,is it economic growth or is it economic development along with economic growth?The ideology of the largest party in the UPA (United Progressive Alliance),i.e that of INC (Indian National Congress) was Centre to Centre-Left. Even then,Manmohan Singh,who according to me is the Prime Minister of India with least administrative skills and poorest intellect introduced open economy and neoliberalism at its full glory.People dont even know that 40% of the GDP of China is contributed by Chinas state-owned industries.That is why people do not starve in China.That is why China was able to get rid of poverty so quickly.China is the only example of the perfect balance of monopolistic and perfect competition,i.e,a hybrid communism inspired ideal.We are the victims of economic slavery and are just supposed to wave our tails on ideintification of the direction in which the World Bank throws the bone.Then again,the question is,is it that what we are supposed to do?Then what is the first step to get rid of this?
There is one key to this vast question : education of the general public.Not fundamental education,not the education determined by RSS or Jihadists but truly scientific education,something that will boost true democracy in this country.

Internationalism or Nationalism is another big controversy.However,99% leftists are supposed to be internationalists and 99% conservatives are supposed to be nationalists.Now,how do you define nationalism is the question.Every party or multi-party alliance that comes to power in the country formulates its own definition according to its own needs and benifits.The Left Front in India is extremely weak and unless they bring in more progressive,more understanding,more approachable leaders eradicating the current,unapproachable ones,there is nothing that can be done in this aspect. UPA was capitalist and ignorant,NDA appears to be caring about the country
and give the economy a strong boost but even if growth is strengthened and freedom from stagnation in the industrial sector,who will look after the economic development?People are being brainwashed and encouraged for attaining Hindutva,that is fundamentalism.That is exactly what Jihadists implant in brainwashed Muslim population.Now,these Muslim population do not even know what they are doing.All they are instructed is this is the ultimate way to attain salvation.Girls cannot afford to be educated because that is what is mentioned in the Koran.How many Muslims have questioned what is actually written in the Koran,let us not even go as far as asking why do we even need the Koran.Begum Rokeya herself mentioned no such thing was ever written in the Koran.

Capitalism : A synonym for Nationalism?

Fundamentalism : A Synonym For Nationalism?

The moment NDA came to power,they started struggling on how to implement FDI as fast as possible.Who might have interest behind the implementation of this policy where payment of gratuity is clearly becoming unstable? Multinational Companies. Exactly those companies who have more wealth than some of the developing nations of the world! The moment they see an emerging collapse in the economy,they are going to flee and just imagine how much pauperism would arise if hyperinflation takes place.

In our country,MNCs are engulfing industries and withdrawing labour rights (our own government does not care about labour rights,forget about foreign investors).No economic development means no reduction of inflation,which means currently,or in near future,only fiscal deficit is predictable.That is reduction of value of

in terms of the value of $.Now,some will argue that some inflationary presence is required to prevent long term stagnation of economy.Then let us be sceptic.Why,with all these inflationary presence for 67 long years have our economy degraded so much? Isnt half a centure + one decade + 7 years not enough for economic welfare?

The truth is the general public has always been kept away from what the truth is. They are being instructed that they would attain salvation on wearing a piece of saffron cloth and bathing in cold water in the dawn.Muslim fundamentalists teach children to read only the Koran and no Maths and no Science and of course not Social Science but that stagnant piece of material written thousands of years ago with enough stock of violence to last for all the upcoming years this planet exists.Every blindly written religious book including the Geeta,Koran and Bible have material inciting violence.What is religion? It is something that comes from inside and no one comes and implants than into millions of previously uneducated brains externally.What is actually happening is a large scale social crime and there is no judiciary greater than the people.It is us who have to understand.We do not have to look at any fundamentalist at all but we have to understand the economic nationalism.Not funding our army uselessly and buying weapons at billions of rupees but ensuring that the textile industry has power supply,that we do not have to import clothes despite producing so much of yarn and woven material,that the machinery in the secondary sector is improvised and most importantly,that we are not being fooled.
Now,let me come to education. Manmohan Singh was educated and so are so many other economists but is you ask why then is our country poor it will be very similar to asking,"why is your country not developed in spite of having such a huge population of politicians?"Just like presence of politicians does not mean development of a country,presence of economists do not mean economic development,especially those who are ardent supporters of neoliberalism. I will have to quote Noam Chomskys words here again,"There is nothing liberal about neoliberalism."

Scepticism is a necessity in todays contemporary world if a true democracy needs to exist.To avoid absolutism,to have a true nation with citizens who are actually aware of what is happening,scepticism perhaps forms the basic hunger in the philosophical sector right now.

Disclaimer - The photographs used do not belong to me.

Octopus Olfaction and Ingestive Behavior

I was the Pittsburgh Zoo today, and had the opportunity to watch their resident Pacific Giant Octopus (Enteroctopus dofleini) being quite active. After moving about for a while, it balled up and sat on the glass, and I noticed an interesting behavior. The animal would wave the tips of its arms around in the water for a moment, and then drag them along the glass in towards its mouth, until they almost touched its lip (that is, near the confluence of its arms.) My armchair theory about this was that this was some sort of chemical sampling of the environment; however, there doesn’t seem to be any good evidence for this on a cursory search of the literature on octopus olfaction (if you know of some, please point it out to me!) I did, however, find a neat paper that addresses the effect of olfaction on octopus eating behavior.

The paper is Chemical Stimuli and Feeding Behavior in Octopus, Octopus vulgaris by Anraku et al (2005). A free full-text version is available here. I like this paper because it uses a very clear (though limited) behavioral coding scheme to quantify what would otherwise be an impossible-to-quantify set of behavioral sequences. Its a very good example of methodologically solid behavioral research on a non-traditional laboratory animal. Let’s get on to it, shall we?

In this study, the authors (who worked, as is somewhat typical in the field of marine biology, at an institute concerned with commercial fisheries – something I have issues with, but which does not invalidate their research) presented octopus with cellulose bait pellets soaked with different putative olfactory signal chemicals. Then, the amount eaten was measured (as a metric of the attractiveness of the food), and the octopuses’ behavior during the bait presentation was coded. The general design of the study is illustrated in the first figure of the paper:

I love this figure. It does what too few papers bother to do: make their experimental design crystal clear at the outset of the paper.

The behavioral coding scheme the researchers used is as shown in this figure:

Their results are basically as follows: octopuses often (63% of the time) showed “positive” consumptive behavior towards the bait pellets with no added olfactory cue. Among a variety of chemicals tested, fish extract was found to significantly raise the probability of consumptive behavior (to 88.5%) while squid ink (but not octopus ink) was found to significantly decrease the probability of this behavior (to 10%.) Octopus ink did, however, significantly decrease the amount of the pellet eaten relative to controls.

This study shows that feeding behavior in the octopus is at least somewhat mediated by olfactory cues. What I would like to see investigated more is the way that olfactory cues from other octopuses (such as ink) might influence behavior; the authors mention that squid have been shown to increase escape behavior in the presence of other squid’s ink. It may be that octopus use similar social cues, either to signal positive or negative aspects of the environment or to mediate encounters between octopuses. Maybe somebody is already working on this problem, and I simply haven’t found that research yet. In any case, I think it would be interesting.

Thanks for reading! If anybody has any good information of octopus olfaction that theyd like to share, please do!

Olive oil is bliss. There are very widespread and extensive benefits of olive oil. Olive oil is considered very effective against several diseases. Cardiologists reckon at least 2 tablespoons of olive oil daily as this is very advantageous to our health.

Cancer:

All the components present in olive are beneficial one way or another. A component called phytonutrient is very helpful in fighting breast cancer. This component mimics the action of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug ibuprofen which prevents inflammation thus helps in prevention of breast cancer. In addition to phytonutrient some additional components like Squalene and Lignans are also very effective against cancer.

Heart Diseases:

Protection against heart diseases is also one of the greatest aspects of olive oil. Olive oil prevents one from heart diseases by lowering the blood cholesterol level. It lowers low density lipoproteins cholesterol level without varying high density lipoprotein cholesterol level. Thus olive oil takes part in prevention of heart diseases.

Blood Pressure:

Modern studies revealed that regular utilization of olive oil controls blood pressure.

Diabetes:

Olive oil lowers blood low density lipoprotein cholesterol level and augments insulin sensitivity.

Osteoporosis:

Low calcium and mineral level in bone upshots fragile and fractured bones. Olive oil plays a significant role in improving bone calcium level and prevents beginning of Osteoporosis.

Rheumatoid Arthritis:

Modern studies suggest that one with diet loaded olive oil is less possible to develop rheumatoid arthritis.

Malignant melanoma:

Malignant melanoma is the most unsafe and dangerous type of skin cancer. Studies revealed that antioxidants may slow down the process of skin cancer. As olive oil is rich is antioxidants so this can prevent one from skin cancer. Latest studies have also revealed that olive oil prevents damage to skin from dangerous UV rays.

How to Keep Birds Away From Garden - A Garden-Bed Scarecrow

A very neat and successful scarecrow for garden beds can be made as follows: A number of corks are procured, and a feather is stuck in each end of them, as shown. These are tied to a string, spacing them from 1 to 2 ft. apart, and the string is hung over the beds. The slightest breeze will keep them fluttering, and no bird will come to rest on the beds.

The Fluttering Feathers Attached to the String with Corks Scare the Birds Away

—Contributed by M. T. Canary, Chicago.

Excerpt from the book:
THE BOY MECHANIC - BOOK 2
1000 THINGS FOR BOYS TO DO
HOW TO CONSTRUCT DEVICES FOR WINTER SPORTS, MOTION-PICTURE CAMERA, INDOOR GAMES, REED FURNITURE, ELECTRICAL NOVELTIES, BOATS, FISHING RODS, CAMPS AND CAMP APPLIANCES, KITES AND GLIDERS, PUSHMOBILES, ROLLER COASTER, FERRIS WHEEL AND HUNDREDS OF OTHER THINGS WHICH DELIGHT EVERY BOY WITH 995 ILLUSTRATIONS
PUBLISHED 1915, BY H. H. WINDSOR CHICAGO
POPULAR MECHANICS CO. PUBLISHERS

Circulatory System For Kids How does circulatory system work

Your blood has lots of different jobs to do as it travels around your body.
It carries the oxygen you have breathed in to every single cell.
It also carries food and other substances that your cells need.
When the cells have done their job, they make waste products which your blood carries away.

What is blood made of ?

Like other parts of your body, your blood is made from cells.
There are two main kinds of blood cells—red and white.
The red blood cells are the ones that contain a red substance called hemoglobin. It is the hemoglobin in the red blood cells that carries oxygen from the lungs.
The white blood cells kill germs that enter your body. There are fewer white cells than red cells.
A liquid called plasma surrounds the blood cells.
This is made mostly of water. The plasma carries food to the cells and carries waste products away.

Blood vessels - The tubes that carry blood

Blood travels through tubes called blood vessels.
The vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood away from your heart are called arteries.
The vessels that return the blood to your heart are called veins.
There are thousands of arteries and veins all over your body. They branch into a network of very tiny, tubelike blood vessels called capillaries.
These are very thin so that they can carry blood to all the cells of your body.
Inside your veins are tiny flaps called valves. These open as blood is pushed through after each heartbeat, and they close again to stop the blood from running backwards.

Picking up food

As your blood flows through your body, it picks up food substances, called nutrients, that your cells need. Most of the nutrients enter your bloodstream from an organ below your stomach called the small intestine.
Your blood then carries the nutrients to your liver.
Your liver removes some of the nutrients from the blood and stores them until they are needed.
It also changes some of the nutrients into other substances that your body uses.
After your blood passes through your liver, it continues to carry these nutrients and other substances to all the cells.

Filtering the blood

Your blood is filtered when it passes through your kidneys.
These lie behind your stomach, near your spine. They filter out some waste products and extra salts from your blood and make urine.
Each kidney passes urine through a tube, called a ureter, to your bladder.
From the bladder, you excrete urine every day through the urethra.

Pictured Lyrics Collection

I am so glad I finally got a chance to share these photographs with you.And I have properly watermarked them - you know,they take a lot of work.You have got to snap the photographs,choose the perfect lyrics,manage fonts and all.So,I decided to at least put the watermark this time.I also am posting my current profile picture in Facebook (Which received 95 likes till now,Thanks to my comrades the world over) - Its the same photograph of Che in the blog that says The Hero Forever as tagline. In case of the profile picture,I wrote "Come on you miner for truth and delusion and shine".Whenever I listened to these lines from Shine On You Crazy Diamond,it would remind me of him.Except The Green is the Colour, and the last photograph,all other snapshots are taken by me. I hope you are going to like this. I personally love all The Pink Floyd ones.

VAIKUNTA EKADASI

Vishnus Ten Incarnations

Scary And Not So Scary Scarecrows

Come October an elementary school in my neighborhood "plants" a scarecrow garden in front of the building. Each scarecrow is dressed in its own unique costume. Here are a few of my favorites. Happy Halloween!

Images gallery of blank heart diagram

www.lessontutor Introduction to the Circulatory System

Printable blank outline diagram of the circulatory system. Rule #2: Veins always lead to the heart. Once the artery reaches its target destination,

The Mysterious Human Heart . Lesson Plans PBS

Habits of the Heart: Lessons: Heart Diagram A blank diagram of the heart, ready to be labelled. Heart Diseases and Disorders -- Heart Rhythm Society

The Parts of the Heart Blank Printable Printable 6th 12th

The Parts of the Heart (Blank) Printable. Test students knowledge of human physiology and the circulatory system with this printable.

Printable Science Visuals for Grades 6-12 TeacherVision

The Parts of the Heart (Blank) Printable. Have your students color and label the parts of a volcano shown on this blank diagram. Seafloor Spreading Map.

Blank printable diagram of the heart Firm Profile

Firm Profile Printable heart diagram - about us Printable outline of human anatomy - minden 2 printable blank skeleton - nour al houda - islamic clothing online Blank

Label Heart Anatomy Diagram Printout EnchantedLearning

Label Heart Interior Anatomy Diagram Printout. EnchantedLearning.com is a user-supported site. As a bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of

Heart Diagram for Kids Buzzle

The heart diagram is provided with blank spaces that you need to fill in with right names.

blank diagram of heart

A history of alprazolam a Free personality plus test by florence littauer printableThe heart diagram for kids is provided with blank spaces that you need to fill in

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Main Page VoroWiki

Welcome to all of you interested in using Voronoi diagrams for spatial analysis! My background is in the Spatial Sciences - among other things geology, geography

Voronoi Diagram -from Wolfram MathWorld

Voronoi Diagram. The partitioning of a plane with points into convex polygons such that each polygon contains exactly one generating point and every point in a given

Voronoi diagram Define Voronoi diagram at Dictionary

Voronoi diagram definition mathematics, graphics (Or "Voronoi tessellation", "Voronoi decomposition", "Dirichlet tessellation", After Georgy Feodosevich Voronoy ) For

Fortunes Voronoi algorithm implemented visually

"I found the animation very entertaining" - Steven Fortune Introduction. This page briefly describes what a Voronoi diagram is and provides an interactive

Voronoi diagram

In mathematics, a Voronoi diagram is a way of dividing space into a number of regions. A set of points (called seeds, sites, or generators) is specified beforehand

Voronoi/Delaunay Applet Department of Computer Science Cornell

Mouse: Click the mouse in the drawing region to add new sites to the Voronoi Diagram or Delaunay Triangulation. Voronoi Diagram and Delaunay Triangulation radio

Voronoi Diagram

Voronoi Diagram. Pronunciation : American/English speakers pronounce “Voronoi” as "Vo - ro - noi" with a short "o" sound, like the "o" in "or", for the first two

1.6.4 Voronoi Diagrams Stony Brook University Department of

Input Description: A set S of points p_1,,p_n. Problem: Decompose the space into regions around each point, such that all the points in the region around p_i are

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